ash- Products of fire, incineration or combustion. The solid remains of fires.
active volcano- volcanoes that are in the state of erupting and turning magma into lava caldera- a cauldron-like volcanic feature usually formed by the collapse of land cinder cone volcano-cinder cones are simple volcanoes which have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit and only grow to about a thousand feet composite volcano-a volcano built up by hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash crater- a large bowl-shaped cavity in a land form dormant volcano- a quiet volcano that can erupt multiple times eruption-when volcanoes become active and lava, ash, and gases come out extinct volcano-a volcano that will not possibly erupt again due to not erupting for a certain amount of time hot spot-an area in the mantle that which heat comes out as a thermal plume lava-molten rock in a volcano that comes out from its form called magma magma- molten and semi-molten rocks, volatiles and solids found in earth viscosity- a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. pipe-Volcanic pipes are subterranean geological structures formed by the violent, supersonic eruption of deep-origin volcanoes. They are considered to be a type of diatreme pyroclastic flow- rapid moving of hot gases and rock ring of fire- The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean shield volcano- volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows. They are named for their large size and low profile vent- An opening in the earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected volcanic neck- landform created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano pluton- a body of intrusive igneous rock (called a plutonic rock) that is crystallized from magma slowly cooling below the surface of the Earth. sill- a tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or even along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock laccolith- a sheet intrusion (or concordant pluton) that has been injected between two layers of sedimentary rock batholith- a large emplacement of igneous intrusive rock that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's crust dike- a sheet of rock that formed in a crack in a pre-existing rock body intraplate volcanism- describes volcanic activity that occurs within tectonic plates 1. In general, how do volcanoes form?
2. What are the main parts of a volcano? (Be able to label them on a diagram) 3. What causes a volcano to erupt? 4. How does a volcano erupt? Answers 1) Volcanoes form when the magma from within Earth's upper mantle makes its way to the surface. 2) The main parts of a volcano are the pipe, main vent, magma chamber, and crater. 3) A volcano erupts by the rock inside the Earth becoming hot and melting. The molten rock (magma) is less dense than the surrounding solid rock. The low density of the magma causes it to rise to the surface of Earth. 4) When a volcano erupts, under the crust magma builds up pressure, to release the pressure it rises to the surface and eventually overflows over the top. |